An proxy is also known as proxy server software which acts in the role of a mediator a client and server over the internet. Without an intermediary the user would an inquiry directly to the server and the server would serve the requested resource directly for the client. While this process is simple to understand and apply using proxies, it can provide benefits including increased speed, privacy and security, and a lot more. Alongside providing a layer of security, proxies act as a guardian for the internet between users and servers.

Generally speaking, the bundled package of server hardware that includes proxy software is often referred as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on the proxies that are typically referred to as software, and also in the context of web servers. We will present a summary of the two primary kinds: one being forward proxy and the other being a forward proxy and the other being a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different usage, which can be confusing due to the identical namesake convention.

This article will equip readers with the information on the different types of proxy services, their subtypes are, as well as the ways they can be useful for common setups. In this article you'll be able to discern the scenarios in which you can benefit from a proxy and choose the best option between forward and reverse proxy for any scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy also known by the name of an open proxy, also known as an open, acts as the agent of a client who wants to forward requests via the internet to an the server that initiated it. In this situation, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client will instead be sent straight into forward proxy. This forward proxy acting in place of the client, will look into the request. At first, it will determine whether the client is allowed to send requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either refuse requests or redirect it to the original server. The client will not be allowed direct access to the internet; it will only be able to access the information that the forward proxy enables the client to access.

One popular reason to use forward proxy is the need for more privacy or security online. Forward proxy is able to access the internet using the client. In this way, it is using another IP address in comparison to your client's IP address.

Based on the way it has been set up depending on the configuration forward proxy can perform a variety of tasks and the capability to:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
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  You can identify limitations based on your geographic location.
  
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Forward proxies are also employed in systems that provide central security and access that is dependent on permissions, for example in workplaces. In the event that all internet traffic is routed via an open forward proxy an administrator can limit access to specific clients to the internet through the common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer that can comprise multiple computers with different configurations and users, a firewall can be installed on the forward proxy layer.

Keep in mind that forward proxy servers must be manually configured to use, whereas reverse proxies can go unnoticed by the client. The kind of IP address a client is transferred to the server from which it originated via forward proxy, privacy and anonymity might be granted or left transparent.

There are a myriad of options to consider forward proxy options:

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  Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server, which offers forward proxy capabilities.
  
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  Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy capability.
  
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  Squid: A free and Open Source Forward Proxy using an HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide a complete website server program. You can refer to our instructions on how to setup Squid proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol in place of HTTP and is more suited to use cases like peer-to-peer connections. You can also learn how to set up Dante proxy to allow private connections with Ubuntu 20.04
  
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Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy acts acting as an intermediary for the server on the internet and handles the incoming requests of clients. The web server can serve as a single server, or multiple servers. It could also be used as an app server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations it is possible to receive a request from a user of the internet in general. The majority of the time, the request would be directed directly to the web server which has all the information the user is seeks. However, a reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, shielding the webserver from direct interactions with the internet.

From the perspective of the user's perspective the procedure of using reverse proxy is not much different than working with a web server directly. It's functionally the same however the client is unable to discern the distinction. Client makes an request for a resource, which is then followed by the receipt of it without any additional configuration required from the client.

Reverse proxy proxies may offer features, like:

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  Security centralized for web servers.
  
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  Controlling traffic inbound based on rules that can be create.
  
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  The caching feature was added to the application.
  
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While centralized security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy services, reverse proxies give this benefit to Web server layers and not to the layer that clients use. instead of having to maintain firewalls on Web server layers which could contain multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security is focused at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, the absence to interface with a firewall and responding to requests from clients off of web servers enables them to concentrate on delivering resources.

In the event of multiple servers running through a reverse proxy, it also manages the way requests are routed to which server. A number of web servers could be offering the same service, and each offering different types of resources, or some combination of both. These servers may use an HTTP protocol to function as an ordinary web server but they can also incorporate application server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy services to redirect clients to certain servers according to the requested resource or to adhere to certain traffic load rules.

Reverse proxies can also benefit from their placement before web servers by virtue of caching. Large static assets can be set up by caching rules so that they do not have to communicate with web servers each time they request. There are solutions providing the option to directly serve static assets without needing to connect to the web server in any way. Additionally, the reverse proxy can handle compressing the assets.

The popular Nginx web server is an efficient reverse proxy solution. You can also use the Apache web server, it also comes with a reverse proxy as an added feature of Apache in contrast to Nginx was initially designed for and is focused on reverse proxy functionality.

The difference between Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use. The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use

Because "forward" and "reverse" have connotations that refer to directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, the labels can be confusing because both types of proxies are able to handle both requests and responses. Instead, a better way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy providers is to take into account the needs of the application that you are developing.

A reverse proxy is useful when you are developing solutions to run web applications on the internet. They serve as your web servers for any interaction on the web.

Forward proxy software is advantageous when they are used to block clients for personal use, or in a workplace setting. They are a representation of your client's internet traffic, for any online interaction.

Utilizing case-based differentiation instead of focusing on the identical naming conventions will aid in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

In this article, we clarified the definition of a proxy, with the two main kinds of them being the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a look at positive characteristics were utilized for the definition of forward proxies as well as reverse proxy. If you're interested in learning more about how proxies are implemented take a look at our tutorial on how to configure Nginx to act as an Internet server, and reverse proxy on Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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